So Fix it

The first automobiles produced did not offer automatic transmission. Using a clutch, drivers had to manually shift gears to operate the vehicle. As cars grew bigger and more people acquired them, an "automatic" transmission became the focus of future vehicles. Transmissions, whether automatic or manual, are made up of many parts, including several gears. Manual transmissions use needle bearings to help mount the different parts. Both transmissions work differently.

Torque Converter

In an automatic transmission, the torque converter takes the place of the clutch in a manual transmission. A torque converters purpose is to increase the turning power that the engine provides. This is completed by the rest of the parts in a transmission.

Pump and Turbine

The engine and transmission never physically touch. It works by hydraulic coupling, in which the transmission fluid is caught by blades of a fan, causing them to spin. The impeller, or pump, and the turbine are these blades. Once one fan starts spinning, the other spins. Powered by the centrifugal force, the transmission fluid moves to the outside of the blades and is sent back to the turbine side through the third fan, the stator. Steady transmission fluid flow causes the engines turning power to multiply.

Planetary Gear Set

In an automatic transmission, there is a planetary gear set. The planetary gear set was designed after the model of our solar system, hence the name. It is made up of different sized gears that are circular in shape and revolve around a "sun gear" which is the central gear. Planetary gear sets differ by type of transmission, but as of 2010, the basic design has not been changed for nearly a century.

Clutch Pack and Transmission Bands

Some vehicles use multiple clutch disc systems, which consist of discs placed between steel plates. The clutch contains one piston and return springs. When the clutch pack is under pressure due to the transmission fluid, the piston locks the assembly together, and when the car is not in gear, the piston disengages. Sometimes a transmission band, a metal ring designed for flexibility, is used instead of the clutch pack. The band sits around the clutch. Engaging the gears requires the band to tighten and loosen to disengage.

Output Shaft

The output shaft connects the transmission to the wheels. The output shaft is attached to the axles in a number of ways, which allows the transmission to turn the shaft and ultimately spin the axles.

Manual Input Shaft

In a manual transmission, the input shaft is mounted in a gearbox at the front. This box is very durable. The front end of the input shaft slides perfectly into the clutch disc. The rear end of the input shaft fits the drive gear at the end of the layshaft.

Layshaft

The layshaft, also known as the cluster gear, is a single unit consisting of the number of gears that the transmission has (three-speed, four-speed, five-speed or six-speed) and often times, a gear for reverse.

Central Shaft

The central shaft runs inside of the layshaft. Needle bearings are used to mount the layshaft. The input shaft creates the power and sends it through the layshaft. From the layshaft, the power is sent to each gear, controlled by the shifter of the vehicle and to the output shaft.

Output Shaft

The output shaft is located at the back end of the gearbox with needle bearings. After the vehicle is shifted, the output shaft then goes into the drive shaft to get the car rolling.

Synchronizer

A ring with teeth on the outside of it sits beside the gear. When the driver chooses a gear, the shift hub does the work and the teeth lock itself into the gear. This combination drives the output shaft.

Many vehicle owners do not realize that not all the parts in their Ford car were manufactured by Ford. Most major car companies do not manufacture all the parts to their vehicles in-house. Ford has contracts with smaller part manufacturers that build the parts that Ford then installs in its vehicles. These manufacturers often continue to make and sell their parts to other companies, which means you can purchase replacement parts from a variety of sources. The designation OEM stands for Original Equipment Manufacturer. When you are looking to buy genuine replacement parts for your Ford vehicle, look for parts that are designated as OEM parts.

Instructions

1

Contact your local Ford dealerships parts and service department. The Ford dealership will have access to all OEM parts and will be able to provide a manufacturer-approved substitution if the OEM part for your vehicle is no longer available.

2

Visit any auto parts store, online or physically, and request OEM parts for your Ford vehicle. Most parts stores stock OEM parts as well as aftermarket upgrades and options.

3

Check local junkyards. If you are really struggling to find a specific part for your Ford vehicle that no one seems to manufacture anymore, you can try to find the part on a junked vehicle that is the same make and model as your own.

4

Contact the manufacturer of the part directly. If you need a specific item and arent having any luck finding it, you may be able to track down which actual factory built the part and send a request directly to them for a replacement. Note than this may not work well if the manufacturer is overseas.

If you need to have body work done on your Subaru, select a body shop that uses genuine Subaru parts. When you take your vehicle to a Subaru dealer, you can be sure they use genuine parts. If you take it to another body shop, you can verify that the replacement parts are Subaru-built by a simple examination. If you order parts for a do-it-yourself repair project, there is a way you can confirm that the parts are genuine Subaru parts. Many parts do not have the Subaru name or symbol imprinted on them.

Instructions

Inspecting Body Work

1

If you have a fender, door or hood replaced on your vehicle. You can visually inspect it to verify it is a genuine Subaru part.

2

Search the inside edges of the replacement part for the name Subaru. Use a flashlight to look for the marking. Hold the flashlight at an angle to the medal edges to spot the name.

3

The word "Subaru" will be stamped into the formed sheet metal margin of the body parts. The name is imbedded so it is the same color as the vehicles paint. The size is approximately 3/16 inch tall by 1 3/8 inches long. It may be difficult to see.

Identifying Replacement Parts

4

A massive number of parts that go into a Subaru will also go into a Mazda, Chevrolet or Ford. The manufacturers who make mechanical parts for Subaru also make parts for other auto makers because some items such as bearings or clutch plates are uniformly sized and formed. Knowing this, there are some replacement parts that you cannot identify as Subaru parts unless they are still in their packaging. Genuine Subaru parts meet Subaru specifications and come in packaging labeled "Genuine Subaru Parts."

5

Select a repair shop that pledges to use genuine Subaru replacement parts or take your car to a Subaru dealer.

6

Before work begins on your vehicle, ask the repair shop to retain all boxes and bubble packs from the parts they will install on your car. This way you can see that the parts came in Subaru packaging.

7

If you plan to work on the car yourself, order parts from a Subaru dealer or online Subaru part supplier.

8

Some Subaru parts feature the official Subaru symbol of a six-star constellation. If you have a steering wheel or wheel hubs replaced, you can tell if they are genuine parts because these items feature the star constellation insignia.

Replacing parts is a core activity in the repair, modification or customization of vehicles. While the steps necessary to replace parts vary on make, model, and year, the same basic elements apply to all.

Instructions

1

Determine what it is you are going to replace, be it as complicated as the engine or as simple as changing a headlight.

2

Consult the owners manual to determine what parts are available through your dealership, or what aftermarket parts may be compatible with your vehicle.

3

Consult the appropriate individuals, such as mechanics or dealers, to determine whether it is an operation recommended for someone of your skill level. Some jobs may simply be too difficult to pursue without a great deal of training or knowledge.

4

Obtain the appropriate parts you wish to replace on your vehicle.

5

Remove the old part from your car, placing it aside or discarding at your discretion.

6

Install your new part in the place of the old, making all necessary adjustments as needed based on your previous consultations.

7

Test the newly assembled vehicle in a safe, controlled environment to ensure you have replaced the part properly.

Air drills, also called pneumatic drills, run on compressed air fed by a tube from a compressor. The drills can be used for a variety of applications, including construction, masonry, road repair and vehicle maintenance and repair. Ingersoll Rand offers several pneumatic drills for different applications. Both replacement and performance improvement parts are available for Ingersoll Rands pneumatic (air) drills.

Housing assembly

The housing assembly can be purchased for Ingersoll Rands models 7802RA and 7013RA. The housing assembly comes as a kit for either model. The part number for the 7802RA is 7802RA-A40 and the kit for the 7803RA is 7803RA-A40. The kit includes all the parts needed for the housing assembly for either pneumatic drill.

Inlet/Exhaust

The parts for the air inlet and air exhaust must be purchased as an entire kit for the models 7802RA and 7803RA. The kit includes parts such as the inlet bushing, throttle valve, and exhaust silencer. The part number for the inlet/exhaust assembly kit is 7802RA-A50.

Other parts

Other parts available for Ingersoll Rands pneumatic drills include the trigger assembly, chuck and motor. Many of the parts are sold as kits, although some, like the chuck, are sold individually. Ingersoll Rand recommends that parts for their drills only be installed by a professional as improper installation can result in personal injury.

Availablity

The parts for the drills are available from several independent sources and from Ingersoll Rand directly. Ingersoll Rands products, including the air drills, are backed by a warranty that covers repairs and parts. Tools can be registered for the warranty and warranties can be claimed on Ingersoll Rands website. In addition to replacement parts, Ingersoll Rand also offers a series of performance parts designed to upgrade their products, including the pneumatic drills.