So Fix it

Electric fuel pumps force fuel from the fuel tank through the fuel injection system. In older vehicles, before fuel injection systems, the fuel pump was not electric and the fuel was pumped to a carburetor. In newer cars, electric fuel pumps are located in the gas tank, and their removal can be a tricky operation. There are many safety precautions to take before attempting to remove an electric fuel pump from a vehicle.

Instructions

1

Put the vehicle in park and set the parking brake. Brace both front tires with safety blocks to ensure the vehicle wont move during the repair.

2

Siphon the remaining fuel in the gas tank into a fuel container. The gas tank will need to be nearly empty for this repair. Unscrew the fuel cap on the side of the vehicle and insert a length of hose into the fuel tank. Use a hand pump to start the siphoning action and catch the fuel inside the fuel container.

3

Lift the vehicle by placing two jacks at the back corners of the vehicle, one on each side. Using two jacks will provide more support for the vehicle.

4

Disconnect the filler and vent hoses from the fuel tank. These will be held on with a clamp.

5

Use a socket wrench to remove the bolts that hold the tank to the vehicle on the side that the hose is connected on. Gently lower the fuel tank down a bit. This will allow sufficient space to disconnect all of the wires and connections from the pump to the fuel tank by using wrenches or pliers.

6

Disconnect the other two bolts holding the fuel tank in place. Place the tank on the ground.

7

Remove the fuel pump by releasing the clamps on the pump. Sometimes the pump is also held in place by screw nuts which require a wrench to remove. Extract the fuel pump from the fuel tank and set the pump aside.

Electric motors convert electrical energy into mechanical energy, and are incorporated in different commercial and household applications. These motors require specially developed lubricating materials called motor oils for their continuous and cohesive performance. There are different categories of motor oils, which find their respective distinction mainly on the basis of different chemical compositions and sources of origin. In other words, all categories of motor oil perform similar functions of lubricating the electric motor components, but their categorization is made on the basis of their compositional properties, which define their level of efficiency within an electric motor.

Conventional Oils

Conventional motor oil is obtained as crude oil, or unrefined petroleum, from the ground, and is further processed through different chemical additives in the refinery. This type of oil is viscous and has a pungent odor, and is specifically used in commercial and industrial electric motors. Conventional motor oil is not refined on the molecular levels, which means it always contains organic and inorganic impurities, and, for this reason, is not employed in sensitive or low-power electrical motors.

Synthetic Oils

Synthetic motor oil also originates from crude petroleum and is refined, or processed, through extensive chemical procedures. However, this type of oil is constituted by uniform organic molecules and contains a minimum level of impurities. For this reason, synthetic motor oil has minimal odor and can be used in both high- and low-power electric motors. This is in contrast with conventional motor oils, which is constituted by variable molecular sizes and large amount of organic impurities. Some common applications of synthetic motor oils include automobile electric motors, jet engine motors, household water pumps and motorcycle engines.

Semi-synthetic Oils

Semi-synthetic motor oils are composed by chemical mixing of synthetic and different crude oils in appropriate ratios. This type of oil is less costly than fully synthetic motor oil, and can be used as a cheap replacement in both low- and high-power electric motor applications. Semi-synthetic oil is also known as synthetic blend, and is usually composed within ratios of 30 to 40 percent synthetic and 60 to 70 percent crude organic oils. This proportion indicates the performance level of semi-synthetic motor oils, which increases with increasing ratio of fully synthetic oil within.

Bio-base Oils

Bio-base oils have long been used as lubricants and heat-absorbing viscous materials. This type of oil includes all biologically existing organic liquids, which have been used as fuels as well as lubricants in different household tasks. However, this type of oil is not used in industry for lubricating electric motors, and is specifically employed in the form of grease or wax in small household electric motor applications like fans, hand blowers and miscellaneous power tools.

An automotive horn is an important safety component used to alert drivers and pedestrians. The horn system in most vehicles is comprised of three primary parts: the horn, the switch and the horn relay.

Purpose

When the horn switch in the steering wheel is activated, the switch sends a signal to the horn relay. The horn relay then sends an electrical current to the horn, producing its sound. The horn relay allows a smaller charge to run through the switch.

Horn Relay Location

Often, the most difficult part of troubleshooting a horn relay is finding it. The horn relay may be located inside the fuse box under the hood, integrated into a larger electrical box or is a separate unit. If the horn relay is not easily located, follow the wiring back from the horn to find the relay or refer to a vehicle-specific shop manual.

Troubleshooting the Horn Relay

When a horn suddenly stops working, the first thing to check is the horn fuse. If the fuse is fine, the horn should be tested. You can do this by running a small jumper wire from the battery to the horn. If the horn sounds, the relay is most likely defective. If the horn does not sound, it needs to be replaced.

The Mazda B-Series is a line of pickup trucks manufactured by Mazda Motor Corporation from 1961 to 2006. The number in the series indicates the engine displacement, so the Mazda B2200 has a 2.2-liter engine. This vehicle has a low-pressure fuel system, with a fuel pressure in the range of 2.8 to 3.6 pounds per square inch. The replacement of the fuel pump in the 1989 Mazda B2200 requires you to remove the fuel tank.

Instructions

1

Start the engine, and disconnect the electrical connect for the fuel pump. Wait for the engine to stall, and turn the ignition switch off.

2

Disconnect the cable on the batterys negative terminal with a socket wrench to prevent sparking. Loosen the filler cap for the fuel tank. Raise the vehicle with jack, and it on jack stands. Place a gasoline container under the drain plug with a socket wrench, and remove the drain plug. Drain the fuel tank into the gasoline container.

3

Disconnect all hoses from the fuel tank, and support the fuel tank with a jack. Remove the mounting nuts for the fuel tank with a socket wrench. Lower the fuel tank from the vehicle.

4

Clean the area around the fuel pump to prevent debris from entering the fuel tank while you replace the fuel pump. Remove the mounting screws for the fuel pump with a socket wrench, and detach the fuel pump from the fuel tank. Discard the old gasket on the fuel tank.

5

Place a new gasket into position on the fuel tank. Install the new fuel pump by performing steps 2 through 4 in reverse order. Fill the fuel tank with fuel, start the engine and check for leaks in the fuel system.

To run best, a vehicle needs fuel to be delivered to its engine on time and at the right pressure. The vehicles fuel pump is the mechanism that regulates these functions.

Function

When a vehicle is started, voltage is sent to the fuel pump and pressure quickly builds within the fuel system as the motor in the fuel pump begins to spin. Fuel is drawn into the fuel pump, and exits through a check valve. The fuel is then transferred to the engine via the fuel line.

Pressure

For an engine to work properly, the fuel has to be within the correct range of pressure. Not enough fuel pressure can be hazardous to the engine, while too much pressure can cause it to burn fuel rapidly and not run well. A pressure per square inch reading ranging between 30 and 85 is normal.

Powertrain Control Module

A powertrain control module (PCM) is the key feature that changes the way newer model vehicle pumps work. Older model pumps run at a set speed, while newer pumps have their speed controlled by the PCM. This helps supply an engine with the amount of fuel that it specifically requires.